ACTIVITY 3: PRESCHOOL OBSERVATIONS
Based on my observations identify 3-6 years old, there are so many interesting things that I get from it such as watching aspects of their children’s for three development which is physical development, cognitive development, and social psychosocial developmen
Firstly, I started approach to do my observation are a boy. His name is Dhino Melinggang Anak Patricia and he is 6 years old. He was born at Hospital Specialist Sibu. His mother is housewife.
The second children that I approach to do my observation are a girl. Her name is Shivania Akiau Anak Seli and she is 5 years old. She was born at Hospital Kapit. Her father is working and her mother is housewife full time.
Before starting the observations, first thing first I approached and asked permission from their parent to ask question for their children. From my observation, the boys I approach to do were uncomfortable and only talked when I ask, but he responded well when I invited him to talk. He is scared to spell because not good at spelling ABC or shory observation he does not know what the letter is. This is because he cannot identify the symbols. Sometimes he can spell ABC but sometimes he confuse to spell ABC either it correct or not. But he is also has active gross motor skills like running and jumping and sadly he not good at spell ABC because he more likely to watch you tube to practice to spelling ABC fluently.
The second one of the girls, from my observation is that I told her to read ABC and I found her a very familiar with the ABC and unexpected is she read it fluently in that age. She also has some rough motor skills like walking and jumping. She is also an active person who likes to play outdoor activities. She was comfortable to communicate with me and I found she was a girl who loved to pronouce or spell new one word because she has a parent who usually invited her to talk. I think it is good for children in their age who are good at communicating with newly-identified people.
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
Both kids show different physical development. Dhino looks taller and compared to Shivania. Dhino also uses his balance better as he rarely stumbles and falls when they’re playing games. This may due to the age difference and different gender. Both kids use their fine motor skills and their gross motor skills. However, Shivania showed more refined of those skills because he is more physical built compared to Dhino. Both gross and fine motor skills develop and are refined during early childhood; however, fine motor skills develop more slowly in preschoolers.
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
To Piaget, cognitive development was a progressive reorganization of mental processes as a result of biological maturation and environmental experience. Children construct an understanding of the world around them, then experience discrepancies between what they already know and what they discover in their environment.
Jean Piaget: 4 Stages of Cognitive Development
- Sensorimotor stage: birth to 2 years
- Preoperational stage: ages 2 to 7
- Concrete operational stage: ages 7 to 12
- Formal operational stage: ages 12 and up
The sensorimotor stage covers children ages from birth to 18–24 months old. Characteristics in sensorimotor stage include motor activity without the use of symbols. All things learned are based on experiences, or trial and error. The main goal at this stage is to establish an understanding of object and permanence. In other words, knowing that an object still exists even if you cannot see it or it is hidden. Both kids interact with the environment well, they do whatever is being told and more. They can do physical activities like jumping, running and crawling too. They also learn a great deal about language from the people with whom they interact like their parents, relatives or even each other.
The preoperational stage can be seen in children ages 2 through 7. Memory and imagination are developing. Children at this age are egocentric, which they able have difficulty thinking outside of their own viewpoints. The main achievement of this stage is being able to attach meaning to objects with language. Based on the theory, both kids speak a lot and they’re quite talkative among each other. They also understand instructions that have been given to them.
PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Both kids are communicating well and talk well among each other and to everyone around them. At this point in psychosocial development, children start to assert their power and control over the world through directing a play and other social interactions. Children are successful at this stage feel capable and able to lead !-by others. Maybe this taken as an example for their parents who showed this kind of capabilities when they’re at home. This can be related to Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial which is initiative vs guilt at stages 3. This will also encourage their learning and they can try new things later in their life.
My analysis all children follow the same development but at different rates. The development process is continuous throughout the life of an individual. Development is a process of change that occurs as a result of interaction between physical development and learning. Development is influenced by the factors of the environment. It is possible to determine which the limit of development is while the environment will help the development to a maximum level. For my observation a children in aged 3-6 years old begin to eat alone and speak using simple sentences. Children can ride a tricycle and receive easy directions from parents and others. The children start socializing and are able to submit staged questions by itself and not depends on other anymore. Additionally, children can also make a difference between right and wrong and willing to listen to others.
Summary of my analysis and observation is that children have the able to do everything by themselves and they are very active with what they are interested to do in that age. They also easily understand my instructions given explain with them. They look comfortable with strangers and very sure that those children can communicate well with others. I see that those children have a three development but how to ensure that their children is complete the three development criteria is depending on their parents teach.
OVERALL RESPONSE
From the documentary, I learned that parents are playing an important role in the development of their children. Whatever parents give, their actions and cultural values will directly affect the behavior and personality of their children. However, it is important for us to provide a good example, good environment and parental care that is appropriate for them to develop will in terms of physical, cognitive, and psychosocial.
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